Oil-burning apparatus



(No Model.) Y 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

W. H. WHEELER.

OIL BURNING APPARATUS. No. 598,667. Patented Feb, v8, 1898.

B 7c a al Wzeses.- E v nwve/z for:

x/W. f/

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2:.

W. H. WHEELER.

OIL BURNING APPARATUS.

Patnted Peb. 8, 1898.

I 7111972 for:

zorney Witnesses uw? 477?. @www ams Ptrcns co.. Fumo-LIT UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE..

WILLIAM I-I. WHEELER, on CLEVELAND, o'I-IIo. y

OIL-BURNING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,667, dated February8, 1898.

Application led February 19, 1897. Serial No. 624,268. (No model.)

a citizen of thev United States, residing atl Cleveland, in the countyof Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new andu usefulImprovements in Oil-Burning Apparatus; and I do hereby declare thefollowing ratus as employed for lighting.

to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for burning oil,bothfor lighting and heating purposes.

The object of the invention is to secure increased efficiency,simplicity, and cheapness ofthe apparatus, certainty in its operation,and to widen its applicability; and the invention consists in the novelfeatures of construction, arrangement, and combination of the apparatus,as hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 representsin elevation myimproved appa- Fig. 2 is a similar view representing a modified form ofthe apparatus. Fig. 3 is a Vdetached view in section of the burnerproper. view of the air-spray. Fig. 5 is a side view, in elevation andpartial section, of a steamboiler having my improved burner applied tothe heating thereof. Fig. 6 is an end view of the apparatus shown inFig. 5 in section on the line cg/of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 isa detached view ofthe sleeve h, feed-pipe a, and pressure-pipe f, adapted for connectionto an oilbarrel; and Fig. 8 is a detached view showing a modification ofthe burner and its adaptation to use with a plurality of air or steamsprays. V y

My improved apparatus consists, essentially, of a burner connected to anoil-supply from which, either by gravity or by pressure, the oil is fedto the burner, and a jet or spray from which air or steam under pressureis made to impinge directly upon and against the oil burning at theburner-mouth.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the oil-supply tank; B, theburner; C, the air or steam spray, and D the supply-pipe from anysuitable source of air or steam pressure., as a blower, air-compressor,or boiler. From Fig. is a like' near the bottom of the supply-tank A afeedpipe a extends to and enters the bottom of the cup-like burner B,being provided with a stop-cock a2. Through the pipe D air underpressure is conveyed to the jet or spray C,

which is preferably arranged in direct axial alinement with the burner,as shown, and at a distance of but a few inches therefrom, whichdistance mayvary a little according to the amount of pressure to beemployed. Oil passes by pipe a into the burner, saturating the asbestosor similar incombustible wick e, and on being lighted burns, while airescaping from the spray C accelerates the flame and increases itsluminous properties. As this spray C is heated up a fuller supply ofair, regulated by a cock, as d, in the air-supply pipe D, is turned on,still further accelerating the combustion, and very speedily a largewhite and very luminous flame is obtained. A connection from the air orsteam supply to the top of the tank A is made when the gravity-feed isnot used, and by means of a cock in such connection just enough pressureis admitted to the oil-supply tank to force the oil through thefeed-pipe to the burner. In Fig. 1 such a connection is shown, the pipef, provided with cock g, connecting pipe D with a sleeve or T h, whichcommunicates with the interior of tank A butv it is obvious that theconnection might be a separate and independent pipe extending from thepressure-supply to the tank A. The arrangement shown in Fig. 1 ispreferred, for the reason that it affords a convenient regu`- lation ofthe feed of oil and of the air-spray. By means of cock g the pressure onthe oil in tank A can be very exactly regulated and the rate of feed ofthe oil maintained constant. By a cock CZ in pipe Dthe air passing tospray CA can also be exactly regulated. In practice it is foundconvenient to employ a valve 'w i in the supply-pipe D nearer to thesource of the pressure than the cooks d and g to leave them undisturbedand use only valve w for turning on or cutting off the pressure..

The sleeve or T h may be permanently afxed to the tank A or may beinserted into the same removably, as by a screw-threaded union, and I.contemplate also making the sleeve of 'a length to enable it to bedriven into the-bung-hole of a barrel or like vessel,

IOO

as shown in Fig. '7, in which the dotted line indicates the side of thebarrel. By this means the light can be used withoutbeing affixed to anypermanent tank, an ordinary 5 oil-barrel serving as the oil-supply,which is convenient for portability in many cases, as on ore-docks,coal-yards, wharves, dac.

By inserting a perforated convex diaphragm m beneath the incombustiblebrous wick e in the burner B, as shown in Fig. 3, a better and moreuniform saturation of the wick is obtained.

The air-spray C may be an integral structure; butI prefer to constructit as is shown in Fig. 4, in which c2 represents a sleeve threaded intothe base c of the air-chamber, and the perforated cap c3 is threadedinto or upon the sleeve'cfi. By this construction not only is the cap c3capable of some adjustment, but it is readily removable for cleaning outthe perforations c4 and the removing of any dust accumulating in thechamber.

It is obvious that by taking off la branch from the feed-pipe a and abranch from the air or steam supply pipe D, the branches beingterminated, respectively, by a burner and an air-spray, another burnercould be arranged beside or at any distance from the iirst, and anindefinite number of burners could thus be maintained by the singlefeedpipe, substantially as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.

It is also a part of my invention to make the burner in the form of atrough or box more or less laterally expanded and to arrange a number ofthe nozzles C above this, so that all may discharge air or steam uponthe single trough-like burner, as shown in Fig. 8.

Although I have shown the air-spray as axiallyl alined with the burnerin all the figures, I do not mean to confine myself rigidly to astrictly axial alinement of the two, as they may besomewhat displacedlaterally from exact alinement or even somewhat inclined at an anglewithout wholly sacrificing the advantages of my arrangements ordeparting from my invention, but I regard the direct alinement of thetwo as preferable.

In applying my improved burner to the heating of boilers, furnaces,ovens, dac., I prefer to arrange the burnersin battery, as seen in Fig.5, a number of separate burners being arranged on the same branchfeed-pipe a5, which in such cases is disposed horizontally, and two,three, or more of the pipes a5 being taken off from the feed-pipe a, asmay be required. The steam or air pressure pipe is provided withcorresponding branches cl2,

on which the air-sprays C are arranged to correspond with the burners,as shown. pressure pipe O is also preferably provided, as seen in Fig.6, which may conveniently enter the pipe D at its extremity or may bemerely a prolongation thereof, as shown, extending to an air-pressuresupply, as a blower, dac. By this arrangement the feed of oil may A beby pressure, the tank A being lower than An airthe burners and havingthe pressure connection f and valve g, as shown in dotted lines in Figs.5 and 6. `When starting the burners under the boiler or furnace thusarranged, the valve d may be closed and air from the pipe O blownthrough valve d at the outset,

and as the burners and air-sprays becomel heated up steam may begradually turned on through pressure-pipe D and valve d, and eventually,if desired, valve el may be nearly or even quite closed and thecombustion continued with the steam alone. I consider it preferable,however, to use air with the steam and to employ air alone rather thansteam alone.

Where the burner is required to start very quickly either for lightingor heating, I prefer to provide the by-pass 7' from the feedpipe abetween the tank A and valve a2to the pipe D near the air-spray.Byslightly opening a valve 7c in the by-pass j a small quantity of oilwill be blown out with the air-spray and will burn fiercely whenlighted, thus almost immediately heating the burner B, so that theby-pass may be closed and the burners operated at full capacity alone. lthough the burner B will operate very effectq ively without the wick e,I prefer to use it, as it prevents any splashing or spatterin g of the ioil by the blast of air from the spray C and causes the flame to burnmore quietly; also, the oil with which the wick is saturated burns forsome few minutes after the air-pressure is cut off, so that in case ofaccidental failure of the air or steam pressure the light does notinstantly go out, as it does in other burners employing air or steampressure, but burns long enough to enable other lights to be substitutedor in many cases to enable repairs to the pressure-supply to be made, sothat the light does not wholly cease and interruption of work is oftenavoided. This also enables the sleeve h to be separated from one tank orbarrel and transferred t0 another without any interruption of the light.

What I claim as my invention is- 1; An oil-burning apparatus comprisinga cup-like or tubular burner, a connection therefrom to an oil-supply, anozzle or spray located near to and opposite the mouth of said burnervand discharging toward the same, and a connection from said nozzle to anair or steam forcing device, substantially as described.

2. In an oil-burning apparatus the combination of a cup-likel or tubularburner, an oil-supply connected therewith, a nozzle or spray fixedopposite said burner and in substantially axial alinement therewith, anddischarging toward the same a source of air or steam pressure, and aconnection therefrom to said nozzle and to said oil-supply,substantially as described.

3. In an oil-burning apparatus the combination of a cup-like or tubularburner and an air or steam nozzle in axial alinement opposite each othermouth to mouth, an oil-supply connected to said burner, a source of airor IOO IIO

1o alinement with said burner and discharging toward the same, a sourceof air or steam pressure, and a connection therefrom to said nozzle andto said sleeve, substantially as described; l

In testimony whereof I heretoafx my sig- 15 nature in presence of twoWitnesses.

' WILLIAM I-I. WHEELER.

Vitnessesr' o t H. B. (JAVANAUGH, JOHN N`-` WYLER.

